Metal stamping process using a wire preform

Metal parts can be economically fabricated by a metal stamping that comprises preforming a piece of wire to have a shape corresponding to the 2-dimensional configuration of a desired product workpiece, flattening the wire to form a metal blank, and subjecting the metal blank to metal stamping to obtain the desired product workpiece. The process can significantly reduce the amount of scrap material and thereby reduce manufacturing costs.

Metal parts are fabricated by a variety processes such as casting, die casting, and forging. One of the more common processes used for manufacturing metal parts is called metal stamping, which has been in use for over 150 years. Metal stamping,which in general involves taking a flat metal sheet and converting into a shaped article (i.e., a metal part) using a die and press, is a cost-effective process because it permits metal parts to be manufactured at high production rates.

In a conventional metal stamping process, a sheet of metal stock material, such as aluminum, copper, zinc, steel, stainless steel, nickel, titanium, or the like, is introduced into a stamping press such as a mechanical or hydraulic stampingpress. The stamping press has a die means and a punch means which together are used to form blanks from the initial sheet of stock material. These blanks are then subjected to further stamping procedures to form metal parts.

A disadvantage of conventional metal stamping processes is that the formation of the blanks from the initial sheet of stock material and the subsequent further processing of the blanks into metal parts can result in generation of excessiveamounts of scrap material, thereby adding to the cost of manufacture due to both loss of material and cost of waste disposal.

After the preforming stage, the shaped wire or preform is then subjected to a flattening process to achieve a "blank" from which the desired product workpiece will be obtained via a stamping process. The term "wire" as used herein is not to belimited to wires having circular cross sections. Wires of other cross sections such as square, rectangular, etc can also be used. Further, the effective diameter of the wire can vary widely depending on the desired thickness of the metal part and theflattening process. The wire can be flattened by any typical process suitable for applying the requisite pressure to a piece of metal. For example, a shaped section of wire having an effective or nominal diameter of, for example, 3 to 50 mm, preferably5 to 20 mm, can be flattened to a preformed piece of metal having a thickness of, for example, 1 to 30 mm, such as 1 to 25 mm or 8 to 30 mm, preferably 2 to 8 mm, by passage through a mechanical or hydraulic press that applies a pressure of, for example,60 to 1000 tons, preferably 100 to 600 tons. The dimensions and tonnage listed above are merely provided as examples and are not intended to limit the invention.


Thus, the width and thickness of the blank are determined by the selection of the nominal diameter of the wire and the amount of pressure imposed during the flattening process. The length of the blank is determined primarily by the performingstage, by selecting the length of the wire and it's perform shape prior to the flattening step, although the flattening step will also influence the overall length of the blank.

This procedure, in which the blank is made from a flattened preformed wire, results in considerable savings in material costs as the blank obtained from the flattened preformed wire requires far less material than a conventional blank obtainedfrom a metal sheet. In other words, in a conventional procedure blanks are cut and formed from a sheet of flat rolled metal. This procedure inherently imposes material costs due to the resultant scrap material. Yet, in the process according to theinvention, the blank is formed with little or no material loss.

After the preform is converted into a blank, the blank can then be subjected to one or more further conventional metal stamping procedures. In such procedures, the blank can, for example, be "stamped" in a die and press arrangement such as in amechanical or hydraulic press whereby excess material is trimmed from the blank to form a desired product workpiece, either a final product or an intermediate thereof. A typical metal stamping machine is a Minster.RTM. 200 ton mechanical press.

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Classifications of Stainless Steel

Stainless steels are commonly divided into five groups, depending on the specific amounts of alloying elements, which control the microstructure of the alloy, Austenitic, Martensitic, Duplex, Ferritic and Precipitation Hardening.

Austenitic Steel: This steel is called austenitic because it is made from austenitizing elements. Austenitization changes the crystal structure of iron or iron-based material, such as steel, from ferric to austenitic. These steels are essentially nonmagnetic in the annealed condition and can be hardened only by cold working. Molybdenum, copper, silicon, aluminum, titanium, and niobium may be added to confer certain characteristics, such as halide pitting resistance or oxidation resistance. Sulfur or selenium may be added to certain grades to improve machinability. It can be further into three groups: common chromium-nickel (300 series), manganese-chromium-nickel-nitrogen (200 series) and Specialty Alloys. This steel has high ductility and relatively high tensile strength. This is the most popular type of steel, with over 70% of the total stainless steel produced being austenitic and is used for numerous industrial and consumer applications

Petrochemical Plants

Power Plants

Food processing & Dairy Equipments

Industrial Piping

Martensitic Steel: This steel is called martensitic as it contains essentially alloys of chromium and carbon that possess a distorted body-centered tetragonal crystal structure (martensitic) in the hardened condition. Chromium content is generally in the range of 10.5 to 18%, and carbon content may exceed 1.2%. The chromium and carbon contents are balanced to ensure a martensitic structure after hardening. Elements such as niobium, silicon, tungsten, and vanadium may be added to modify the tempering response after hardening. The high carbon content (other stainless steels only have about 0.1%, or even less, of carbon) makes this steel extremely strong but slightly brittle. Martensitic steel is magnetic. It is used in:



Dental and surgical instruments

Cutlery & Knives

Gas Turbine Blades

Ball bearings & Nut Bolts

Ferritic Steel: Ferritic stainless steel has properties similar to mild steel but with the better corrosion resistance. Approximately 10-27% chromium is present along with iron. Ferritic steel rarely contains nickel, but lead or titanium may be present. Because of the low chromium and nickel content, resistance to rust is reduced. As a result,costs less than other stainless steels. Used in:

Boilers

Washing Machines

Exhaust Systems

Floppy disk hubs

Duplex Steel: This type of steel is used in chloride and sulfide environment and is the least corrosive. The structure is 50 % ferritic and 50 % austenitic and this gives a layered structure with high strength. Primary constituents are chromium and molybdenum. Nickel may be present in a small quantity or may be absent. Its applications are found in:

Oil & Gas industries

Pulp & Paper Industry

Chemical processing

Tank Applications

Precipitation Hardening Steel: It is made from heat-treated martensitic or austenitic stainless steel and is stronger than either. It also has a higher resistance to rust. Chromium and nickel are the primary components of this type of steel. Because of its strength, this type of steel is used in:

Gears

Turbine blades

Aviation engine components

Nuclear waste container

The basic requirement from stainless steel is corrosion-resistance. The factors affecting this property are the chemical composition of the corrosive medium, percentage of the components used, temperature variations, oxygen and moisture content and aeration of the medium. Thus, slight variations in chemical compositions can be used to make a variety of stainless steel, which, in addition to being an excellent engineering material, is 100% recyclable and can therefore said to be environment-friendly.

 Application:
Heat exchanger and Condenser; U Type coil pipe ;
Petroleum pipeline ; Sea farming;
Evaporator; Fluid Transportation Piping etc.
10. Package Details
First packaging with moisture-proof paper;
Second packaging with kraft paper;
Third packaging with foam plastics in all side of plywood case;
Finally packing products in plywood case.

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Titanium Glasses Rank High in Both Fashion and Function

When fashionistas are asked what they think of titanium glasses? Most of them have given positive answers. Titanium glasses are not only durable, flexible but also fashionable. Especially to men, titanium glasses are almost a must-have for them because men always tend to view fit, comfort and durability more important. Generally, titanium glasses that are made of pure titanium is much more expensive than those made of titanium alloy. And most of the titanium glasses we see are actually made of titanium alloy that is a compound of titanium and other elements. Among all of the titanium alloy made glasses, there is one that is quite special. And we call it flexon glasses.

Flexon is a titanium based alloy. This unique and popular material is originated by the eyeglass manufacturer Marchon and is also called a "memory metal", which means flexon glasses can come back into the original shape even after twisting, bending and crushing. Moreover, flexon glasses are also featured with lightness, hypoallergenic and corrosion-resistant. For all these reasons, flexon glasses are quite popular among men and women. Men appreciate more at the durability and flexibility of it while women also think it very stylish and fashionable.

Titanium glasses are quite good choices for businessmen for a wide range of reasons. First, businessmen are quite concerned of their image so that their eyeglasses should be more conservative to create a trustworthy and mature image. Also, they are always the busy guys who don't have time to change eyeglasses. The durability and comfort of titanium glasses can sure help them save time. Third, coming back to the image, titanium glasses will certainly upgrade men or women's image since they are highly qualified. But if you choose titanium glasses for business purpose, usually, you should avoid plastic decorations that are too flashy or bright, which are not formal for serious business. Actually, they might be cheaper than what you think with the spreading of online shopping, firmoo is one of the leading online optical stores that offer good quality and cheap glasses.

1.Grade: Gr2
2.Thickness: 0.025mm-0.5mm
3.Width: 50-700mm
4.Standard: ASTM B 265
5.Surface: bright
6.Shape: in coils
  Application
Titanium and Titanium alloy strips and foils can be used in electronics, chemicals, watches, glasses, jewelry, sporting goods, machinery, plating equipment, environmental equipment, golf and precision machining industries, etc..

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factory wholesale titanium necklaces

·          Titanium necklaces are definitely the next big thing for many jewelry lovers today. This is mainly because they are strong and durable just as many would prefer. Titanium offers a sparkling white shine, delicate rainbow polish and is rather comfortable to the wearer. The titanium material is tough and lightweight thus allowing it to function well in various applications.          

There is no need for frequent polish but just an occasional wipe to get rid of finger scratches or stains. The good thing with titanium is that it is non-corrosive. In this case, materials like salt water and cleaning mixtures pose no threat to the necklace.
The titanium metal also offers necklaces with a mixture of colored gems which are astonishing. Many women find this metal exquisite and offer them the best necklaces. Various necklace designs are very attractive to them and thus titanium has become very popular today.
The titanium jewelry is expensive however, but it is proved to be very durable. It is important for those shopping for necklaces not to go for the cheaper ones though because cheap ones can turn to become expensive. Cheap necklaces can cause skin irritations and you will then need to visit a doctor which might be costly. Titanium necklaces have more benefits and offer more options to people who want to look stylish all the time.
Titanium is an extremely strong and lightweight material which makes it perfect for a number of different applications. Not only has it been used because of its unique properties, it is also possible to make some very nice jewelry from it. One type of jewelry that can be made from it but is not necessarily as popular as others is a titanium necklace. Not only can these necklaces be very durable and stylish looking, pendants that are made from titanium can be quite ornate.
Whenever you are choosing your titanium necklace, you're going to have several different options to choose from. Although it is certainly possible for you to go with strict titanium, it is also possible to get a black titanium necklace as well. If you decide to go with a black titanium necklace, however, you should make sure that it is made from actual black titanium and not simply coated with a black material. This may cause allergy issues and the finish may eventually flake off of the necklace.

Titanium alloy necklace Functions:
1. Enhancement of human immunity function
2. Normalization of human immunity function
3. Antineoplastic function
4. Anti-carcinogen function
5. Prevention and treatment of diseases
6. Significant anti-senility effect
7. Unimpeded blood pressure
What kind of crowd suit for this healthy neklace?
People work with the computer and the mouse over 3hours
Business people answers lotes of calls
People drives for a long time
People in bad circulation
People insomnil and much dreams
People works under stress
People drinks and smokes a lot in social intercourse
People with neck and cervical vertebra problems
Weakness child
Fashionista

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Best Boat Covers for Your Boat

People tend to forget the protection of the body of their boat most often while listing the essential accessories for their boats about to sail.  All the same, boat covers are as much required as any other accessories you indent for your boat.
Selection of boat cover may not be a difficult proposition even with discount boat covers unless you decide to have some custom boat covers for your purpose.  Whatever be the make or style of the boat cover you use and whichever fabric it might be made of, the small investment you make is worth while.
For a true boating enthusiast, custom boat cover could provide benefits far beyond the expectations.  Not only it keeps your favorite boat free of dirt, rain, and moisture, the effect is also long term protection from sun burns and environmental pollutions including mildew.

Conversely you can opt for discount boat covers if you are trying for the budget boat cover.  They may not provide as much benefits as your custom boat cover.  Yet the benefits would be quite substantial.  In the end of it you will be the winner with longer life span for your boat. The major difference would be in the life span of the boat cover itself that would probably be less than your customized cover.
You have two very important aspects to take care of while choosing your boat fabrics. The first one is the material you use for manufacturing the boat cover and the second one is whether the finished product fits with your boat perfectly.

To this end you need to choose the best boat cover fabrics in the first place.  There are several options available before you in the selection.  However, the most commonly used materials are cotton canvas, polyester, and poly cotton mix materials.
If you are concerned with expenses, cotton canvas is your best option.  It provides good protection to your boat in moderate climates though it may not be as suitable in rainy seasons. Since cotton canvas is natural fiber it is breathable but not waterproof. It is however allows evaporation of moisture and prevents mildew damages from occurring.  You can also use the tie up process for towing in the highways.  Canvas boat covers normally have 2-3 years of warranty period.

Polyester as fabric is very strong and extremely durable.  That is why this is the favorite of boat owners for custom boat covers.  The weight comes at around 6-10ozs.  Best covers are coated with acrylic or urethane for additional life span and preventing soaking.  Naturally the warranty period is higher in the range of 3- 7 years. The best thing about polyester is it is stain, rot and mildew resistant.

Moreover it will neither shrink nor does stretch like the inexpensive cotton boat cover. The only blemish with it is that it may not work well where humidity level is high.
Many boat owners prefer a judicious blend of polyester and cotton as their boat cover fabric.  This combines the inexpensive nature and breathing capabilities of cotton canvas with the strength and water repellant characteristics of polyester. The normal proportion is 50/50 or 60/40.  However, higher the polyester percentage the better is the boat covers.

Applications:
Molybdenum boat purity more than 99.95%, used for sintering and annealing of both metal and     nonmetal materials in reduction atmosphere, also used as sintering boat for powder products
In the missile industry Molybdenum is used for: nose cones, high temperature structural parts,nozzles,leading edges of control surfaces, support wanes,re-entry cones, and heat radiation shields.
In electronics Molybdenum is used for:cathodes,magnetron end hats,X-ray tube components, filaments, and glass-to-metal seals.
n high temperature applications Molybdenum is used for: furnace windings, structural furnace members, and containers for components.

Package details:
First, packaging with moisture-proof paper
Second, packaging with kraft paper
Third, packaging with foam plastics in all side of plywood case.
Finally packing products in plywood case

 Mo-1 99.95% Molybdenum Boat

Benefits of Having Metal Wall Hooks

Just as the name implies, metal wall hooks are hooks that must be mounted on walls to serve ornamental or practical or both purposes depending on their designs. These wall hooks come in many shapes and sizes from the basic hooks in wrought iron to the elaborate hooks styled in ceramic, plastic and other materials mimicking animals, plants and even fairy-tale creatures.
As previously mentioned, metal wall-mounted hooks can serve ornamental and practical purposes. Such duality of use in the home, office and other places is the main reason for the popularity of these fixtures. So, what exactly are these benefits that metal wall hooks offer to users as against other types of hooks like wood and plastic
The primary benefit of all wall hooks regardless of size, shape and material is to maximize space. This can be seen in two ways. First, in a small space like a bathroom, a hallway or a closet, the wall is the only place that remains free of anything that can get in the way of movement. So, the best thing to do is to utilize that wall in an optimal manner by placing hooks on which various things can be hang. In a bathroom, the towels, vanity kits and other personal hygiene materials can be hanged on the metal wall hooks for convenience.

Second, even in a large space, it may not be the most practical idea to place closets and other furniture in which to hang coats, jackets, hats and umbrellas. Not only will the piece of furniture take up space but it can also be impractical opening and closing it just to hang and un-hang the things inside. For example, metal hooks on the wall are more practical than broom closets being converted into coat closets in the hallway. Still, hooks can be used to maximize the use of space inside a closet but that's another story altogether.
Then there's also the ornamental aspect of wall hooks. If you will take the time to browse through catalogs of wall-mounted hooks, you will observe that these products come in all shapes and sizes. You can actually make artworks on the walls just by artfully arranging these wall-mounted metal hooks. Think of custom-made wrought iron hooks and you will get tons of ideas.
Metal is a proven durable material than wood and plastic combined. You can expect to use the metal wall hooks for many years because of the strong material, which often cannot be said of easily breakable wood and plastic hooks.

The weight capacity for metal hooks depends on many factors. First, the type and thickness of the metal used will affect just how much weight and pressure the hook can take. The general rule is that the thicker the metal, the more weight the hook can carry without giving in to the pressure.

Second, the type of hardware used to attach the hooks to the wall also matters. If the screw is longer, then it can attach the hook deeper into the wall's strongest part instead of just the dry wall and, thus, more weight can be carried.

1. Appearance: Silver white metal luster molybdenum seed chuck
2. Content:  Mo≥ 99.95%
3. Surface: Polished
4. Specification: According to your drawings

5. Application:
It is widely used in the construction of furnace tooling and parts for the electronics and semiconductor industries.
6. Package Details
First packaging with moisture-proof paper;
Second packaging with kraft paper;
Third packaging with foam plastics in all side of plywood case;
Finally packing products in plywood case.
Or as your request.

Pure Molybdenum Hook for Crystal Growth Furnace

Applications of Nickel Alloys

Nickel alloy sheets are used in Aircraft gas turbines, Steam turbine power plants, Medical applications, chemical and petroleum industries and nuclear power systems. Due to the unique physical properties of Nickel alloys sheets including low-expansion, electrical resistance and soft magnetic characteristics make them useful in many strategically applications and industries.
Nickel alloys also are made into Nickel alloy tubes and Nickel alloy pipes that are used in many heat-resistant Applications. Nickel alloys can withstand high temperatures. Nickel-chromium alloys with more than 15% Cr can provide both oxidation and carburization resistance even at temperatures as high as 760°C.
One of the most prominent uses of Nickel Alloys is in Aeronautical industry for its low corrosion and heat resistance properties. It is commonly used in civil and military aircraft engines and exhaust systems apart from the complex electrical systems of the aircraft. It is also used in space craft and automotive industry.
Nickel alloy sheets have a high degree of corrosion resistance in a range of corrosive media. The low expansion properties of Nickel alloy sheets make them well suited for high temperature applications because they have very low and uniform expansion over specific temperature ranges.
Well known for its corrosion resistance and durability, Nickel alloy flanges are used in many fields including food, electronic, chemical and pharmaceutical industries.
Nickel Alloy Flanges are available in various forms like ring joint, socket weld, deck flange and weld neck among others and is available in various sizes to cater to the needs of the diverse industries, these can be customized too to meet the unique requirements of the customers.

  Applications :
1.Chemical processing, medical instruments etc.
2.Indusrty,Navigation,Smelting,Chemical plants, and so on.
  Advantage of our Ni rod
- uniform grain with densified microstructure ensures longer use time.
- High special strenghth,high melt point
- excellent corrosive resistance,good thermal resistance.
- professional after-sales service

 Package details:

First, packaging with moisture-proof paper
Second, packaging with kraft paper
Third, packaging with foam plastics in all side of plywood case.
Finally packing products in plywood case

Nickel Rods and Bars Nickel 200,Nickel 201